The electron is a subatomic particle denoted by the symbol e or β whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. Short range repulsion only matters when atoms are in very close.
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The electron has a mass that is approximately 11836 that of the.
. The large exponent means that when R d i then small decreases in R cause large increases in repulsion. D i depends on the types of atoms. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure.
The repulsive energy goes up as d i R 12 where R is the distance between the atoms and d i is the distance threshold below which the energy becomes repulsive.
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